Cairo+Underground



I'm Jasmine Youssef. I live in Edfa. I'm third-year secondary student.For this project, I know about it by my sister Ms Azhar.All students in my school talked about her project.So I decided to share them and write about one of the most important meansof transport that is "Cairo Underground".Let's know something about it!

Cairo Underground

Introduction:

The **Cairo Metro** in Egypt is the only full-fledged metro system in Africa. The system consists of two operational lines, with construction having begun on a third line in 2006. The metro is run by the National for Tunnels. The lines use standard gauge (1435 mm). The ticket price is EGP 1.00 for each journey (about GBP 0.12, EUR 0.14, or USD 0.18, average exchange rate for May 2010), regardless of distance. On all Cairo metro trains, the middle two cars (4th and 5th) of each train are reserved for women (the 5th car becomes a mixed use after 21:00). These cars are used as an option for women who do not wish to ride with men in the same car; however, women can still ride other cars freely. The two lines carry around 700 million passengers a year and on average 2 million per day.

Cairo Metro Map:  **LINE-1** (New El-Marg to Helwan) is represented by the red color while **LINE-2** (Qalubeya to Mounib) is represented by the orange color. The thin black line inside LINE-1 and LINE-2 signifies that the train runs this part under the ground. LINE-3 (Imbaba to Cairo Airport) is represented by the green color.

Description of Cairo Underground: Cairo Underground is the first in Africa and the middle east. This project represents one of the greatest project in Egypt in the twenty'th century. This is a backbone transportation service in Cairo. **LINE-1:**It forms the backbone of the Metro network in Cairo as it passes through the most important residential and business districts of the city. The line was formed by connecting the existing railway line from Helwan in the South to the existing railway line to Marg in the North East by means of a new underground line beneath the central business district of Cairo. The Total length of the line is 44 Km including 35 stations. The length of the underground section is 4.5 Km including 5 underground stations. Daily, it carries about 1.4 million passengers using over 46 trains. The Project commenced in 1982 and ended completely in 1989 with a total cost of over 2 Billions LE.



**LINE-2:**It extends from Shoubra to El-Monib with a total length of 19 Km and 21 stations. Line-2 provides interchanges with Line 1 at Mubarak and Sadat stations. It also provides interchanges with the Egyptian Railways at Shoubra, Mubarak and Giza(Station) Stations. The line cuta and covera tunnels of length 1.9 Km. Daily, it carries about 0.7 million passengers using over 35 trains. Line 2 was completely finished on October 2000 with a total cost of 9 Billions LE.

For Women Only

Women Inside the Metro



**LINE -3** (Under Construction):It extends from the northwest of the Greater Cairo at Imbaba to the northeast at Heliopolis and will eventually also serve Cairo International Airport. The line crosses under the two branches of the River Nile, as does Line 2. The total length of the line is approximately 33 kilometres (21 mi) most of which is in bored tunnel and will be implemented in four phases. The project includes a main workshop adjacent to the western terminal of the line and a light repair workshop at the middle of the line at Abbasia. The implementation of Line No. 3 will start with Attaba to Abbasia section, the first phase, followed by the second phase from Abbasia to Heliopolis, which are the most urgent sections for the transportation needs. The design of phase 1 is taking into consideration the safe crossing of two major underground structures; namely, the line 2 bored tunnel at Attaba and the wastewater spine tunnel north of Attaba. It is also planned that some of the underground stations will be extensively used as commercial centres. These stations will be constructed by the cut-and-cover method and the rolling stock will be fed by power through a third rail. Orascom Construction Industries won the tender for 1 billion EGP for the construction of the first phase of the project.The line will have a contactless fare collection system and integrated supervision and communication system supplied by the Thales Group. France provided a 280 million dollar loan for the second phase of the project to french companies involved in the project. Currently, three stations are being built and dug as of August 2008. They are El Geish, Abdo Basha and Al Abbasiyya. El Geish street has been closed since May 2008 for underground works. Works underground at the Attaba station have been running since 2007 to divert water pipes, electricity grid and sewage network. Work in that station which also serves Line 2 will begin in early 2009. Phase 1 has a completion and operational date set at October 2011 but is pushed back to January 2012 due to the recently uprising events and from October 2011 till January 2012 operational tests will be conducted. Phase 2 construction work on Line 3 has begun in mid-2009 and will run from **Abbassiya Station** till **Al Ahram Station** in Heliopolis, with four stations to be constructed, Cairo Fairground, The Stadium, Koleyet El-Banat, and Al-Ahram. This phase has a completion date set at October 2013.

Phase 3 is set to begin in 2011 and it is the western branch of Line 3, this phase will connect **Attaba Station** with the already existing **Gamal Abdel Nasser Station** through **Emad El-Din Street** with a new station built in between, it will then continue on its way onto Maspero (New Station) and run under both branches of the Nile passing through Zamalek island and ending at **Sphinx Square Station**. Completion date is set at October 2015. Phase 4 is scheduled to begin in 2013 will be starting from **Sphinx Square Station** it will split into two branches with on heading towards Imbaba and the other toward Mohandessin with two stations on the Imbama branch (**Kit Kat Station** and **Sudan Street Station**) and three stations on the Mohandessin branch (**Mustafa Mahmoud Station**, **Shehab Street Station** and **Lebanon Square Station**). This phase is set for a completion date of October 2017. Phase 5 which is the final phase in Line 3 has a starting date set at 2015 with a plan for it to continue where it originally left off on the Eastern side of the line completing its path toward Cairo International Airport, running through Heliopolis Square and Ain Shams district, with seven stations to be constructed. **Line 3** is expected to be fully operational by October 2019.

Inside Cairo Underground:



People Inside the Metro

**Tour in Cairo Underground ** media type="youtube" key="qwIKwhvR3mw" height="314" width="420" align="center"

Conclusion: i think the metro is very important for our life and makes travel from place to place is very easy, so we should keep the metro beautiful and clean.there are a lot of people use the metro as it is so cheap. there are places to womens and places to men. there are three lines and we expect more and more. In my opinion, we should use the metro as it is considered as a public transport to reduce accidents. Dear tourists, We will be happy to visit Egypt and see our Metro ..... waiting for you ....!!!!!!!!

Resources: Websites: htttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cairo_Metro http://www.egyptrail.gov.eg/docs/metro/metro.html

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